Referencing: APA 7

The style and grammar guidelines pages present information about APA Style as described in the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, Seventh Edition and the Concise Guide to APA Style, Seventh Edition.

This guide will assist you in understanding how to reference for your assignment. It contains examples to help you format your in-text citations and reference list.

Examples of the most common works that writers cite are provided on this page.

APA Style provides guidelines to help writers determine the appropriate level of citation and how to avoid plagiarism and self-plagiarism. We also provide specific guidance for in-text citation, including formats for interviews, classroom and intranet sources, and personal communications; in-text citations in general; and paraphrases and direct quotations.

In-text citations have two formats: parenthetical and narrative. In parenthetical citations, the author name and publication date appear in parentheses. In narrative citations, the author name is incorporated into the text as part of the sentence and the year follows in parentheses.

Complete the following checklist for each sentence in your paper that relies on another
source. Remember to cite all ideas, findings, results, or other information that is not your
own and is not common knowledge. It may be